1-The following features are true for children presented with status asthmaticus
a- Able to talk
b- Respiratory rate of more than 40 breaths per minute
c- Capillary refill time is usually less than 2 seconds
d- Using accessory muscles
e- No wheezes on auscultation
2-In respiratory acidosis associated with acute respiratory failure, the following are correct
a- PH is less than 7.35 Kpa
b- PCO2 is low
c- PO2 is normal
d- PH is more than 7.36 kpa
e- HCO3 is low or normal
3-The alpha-adrenergic affect of adrenaline is
a- Elevates the systolic blood pressure
b- Increases renal blood flow
c- Increases myocardial contractility
d- Relaxes bronchial muscles
e- Enhances delivery of oxygen to the heart
4-True or false about history of excessive bleeding in children
a- Bleeding into skin or muscle may be an indication of intrinsic factor problem
b- Spontaneous bleeding mucus membrane could be due to extrinsic factor problem
c- Spontaneous bleeding into skin is often due to platelets defect
d- Isolated bleeding from gastrointestinal tract is usually an indication of bleeding disorders
e- Brisk bleeding from mucocutaneous membrane is criteria of DIC
5-Children presented to A&E with purpuric rashes may suffer from
a- ITP
b- Septicaemia
c- SLE
d- Viral infection
e- NAI
6-In anaphylactic reaction
a- It only affects organ systems when mast cells concentration are abundant
b- Upper and lower respiratory tract are affected
c- Intravenous epinephrine of 1:1000 should be given with dramatic improvement
d- Intravenous aminophylline is contraindicated
e- Shock is due to intravascular fluid loss
7-Electro-physiological changes occurring in pyloric stenosis include
a- Urea increased
b- Metabolic acidosis
c- Hypocalcaemia
d- Hypercholraemia
e- Hypokalaemia
8-These are true about acute appendicitis in children
a- Abdominal pain & tenderness are almost always present
b- Presence of leucocytes in mid-stream urine is an indication of perforation
c- Rectal examination should be performed in all children
d- Blood glucose test is not required in children presented with suspected appendicitis
e- Inflamed appendicitis lies posterior to caecum and peritoneum may not show rebound tenderness
9-True or false about burns in children
a- Children with 10% burns of body surface area should not be admitted to hospital
b- Involvement of both arms and posterior trunk will be calculated as 36% burns
c- Intravenous colloids can be given as % of burns x body weight over 8 hours
d- Silver nitrate dressing is contraindicated for burns affecting the face
e- Dextrose/saline intravenous fluid is not recommended as a resuscitating fluid
10- These are good indicators for lead poisoning
a- Basophilic stippling of RBCs
b- Detection of urinary coproprophyrin
c- Raised transaminase
d- Raised serum aminolevulinic acid level
e- Target cells on blood film
11-In children with sequestration crisis of sickle cell disease, which of the following occur:
a- Increased RBCs destruction
b- Sudden enlargement of spleen
c- Raised transaminase
d- Abdominal pain
e- Profound decline in circulating RBCs
12- Which of the following statements are true about acute mesenteric lymphadenitis
a- Associated with gram negative organism infection
b- Rebound and tenderness is often present
c- Leucocytosis is uncommon
d- Pain and tenderness is more diffuse than with appendicitis
e- Usually associated with large inflamed tonsils
13-Migrain in children is often associated with the following
a- Bilateral headache
b- Headache is often described as a band round the head
c- Diplopia
d- Abdominal pain
e- Hallucination
14-The common causes of hypernatraemic dehydration in children are
a- Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
b- Diabetic ketoacidosis
c- Profuse sweating
d- Salicylate poisoning
e- Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
15-The commonest organisms causing meningitis in children at all ages are
a- H. Influenza
b- N. Meningitides
c- E. Coli
d- Streptococcal pneumonia
e- Mycobacterium
16-In Salicylate poisoning, metabolic acidosis develops as result of which of the following
a- Salicylic acid
b- Increase in organic ketoacids
c- Hypoglycaemia
d- Loss of fixed base
e- Renal tubular leakage
17-Low CSF sugar in bacterial meningitis is due to which of following
a- Increased glucose utilisation by the brain
b- Defective glucose transport from blood to CSF
c- Increased glucose utilisation by bacteria in the CSF
d- Increased insulin production
e- Increased glucose utilisation by RBCs
18-The following organisms are causing purulent otitis media in children
a- Staph aureus
b- H. Influenza
c- Beta haemolytic streptococcus
d- Streptococcal pneumonia
e- Adenovirus
19-Renal calculi in children is often presented with
a- Iliac fossa or abdominal pain
b- Haemturia
c- Proteinuria
d- Urinary tract infection
e- Vomiting
20-These are true about hypoglycaemia in children
a- Increase in plasma glucagons
b- Increase in plasma cortisol level
c- Increase in C-peptides
d- Decrease in growth hormone level
e- Increase in insulin level
21-These are the most common causes of haemturia in children
a- Urinary tract infection
b- Postural hypotension
c- Sickle cell anaemia
d- Acute golmerulonephritis
e- Rota virus infection
22-The following drugs can be used in management of acute supraventricular tachycardia in infants
a- Digitalis
b- Flecanide
c- Morphine
d- Adenosine
e- Verapamil
23-The most common causes of stridor of 2 weeks old newborn are
a- Laryngeal web
b- Vascular ring
c- Tracheal Haemangioma
d- Hypocalcaemia
e- Thyroglossal duct remnant
24-Rectal bleeding in 3 years old child may be due to
a- Anal fissure
b- Child sexual abuse
c- Haemorrhoids
d- Milk allergy
e- Meckel’s diverticulum
25- The following statements are true about Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) in children
a- Can be presented with nausea and vomiting
b- Abdominal pain is always one of the associated features
c- Insulin sliding scale is the current management
d- Addition of potassium chloride is not required in first two hours of DKA management.
e- Deficit and maintenance fluid should be given in first 24 hours.
26-Which of the following are good clinical markers of Child Sexual Abuse (CSA)
a- Ano-genital warts
b- Anal fissure
c- UTI in girls
d- Herpes simplex vagnitis
e- Laceration of penis
27- The following statements are true about status epilepticus in children
a- It can be defined if seizure lasts more than 30 minutes
b- The commonest cause is bacterial meningitis
c- Intravenous Lorazepam is superior to IV diazepam
d- Intravenous phenytoin may cause skin burns in young children only
e- EEG is often normal following febrile status epilepti